The increasing penetration of converters at all voltage levels in the electrical power supply system leads to an increasing influence of control interactions on overall system stability. The resulting stability phenomena significantly differ from the classical stability phenomena in interconnected systems.
To investigate these stability phenomena, typical interaction studies have so far been limited to very restricted, isolated grid regions. For the secure and rapid integration of renewable energy, even with high shares of converter-based generation, it is necessary to conduct systemic interaction studies. This requires a comprehensive EMT dataset that includes sufficiently accurate models of relevant equipment as well as manufacturer models.
Transmission system operators have formulated a consolidated position on the fundamental need for interaction studies and the associated requirements for simulation models, as well as standardized interfaces that will be necessary for the secure integration of converters into the grid in the future.
The current document outlines the specifications for the provision of Electromagnetic Transient (EMT) simulation models, focusing on the integration of original control software into the simulation environment. This ensures realistic system behavior and high-quality simulation results, which are essential for testing power electronics systems at grid connection points.
Summary:
- Components & Structure: The power electronics system includes power units, control hardware, and control software. Each component must be modeled independently to avoid errors.
- Modeling Requirements: The document specifies tool-independent and tool-dependent requirements.
- Control and Protection: Converter control, measurement systems, and protection functions are essential components of the EMT model. The control software must be compiled in libraries with defined interfaces and seamlessly integrated with various simulation tools.
- Simulation Environment: The models should be compatible with specified simulation tools such as PSCAD, requiring flexibility in simulation step sizes and adherence to real control cycles.
This document serves as a specification for equipment manufacturers of HVDC and Statcom for the development and provision of EMT models that meet established standards to ensure the traceability and reproducibility of design, performance, and interaction studies. Furthermore, these requirements serve as the basis for the development of model requirements for customer facilities.